Electoral democracy and the elusive search for a new peaceful electoral consensus in Tanzania: How 2025 General Elections must reclaim Tanzania’s past glory

Electoral consensus has been elusive in many African countries. This short study brief attempts to trace, document and discuss the electoral democracy environment in Tanzania since 1995, lessons from this experience and neighboring countries to counter the persistent cycle of electoral violence and contradictions during this historic general election in 2025, consolidating Tanzania’s glory as haven of peace in a politically fragile region, with the first female Tanzania
Presidential candidate. Perhaps by looking back into history, we can shape the future of electoral democracy in Tanzania and Africa generally.

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