TAXING E-COMMERCE IN A RAPID EXPANDING DIGITAL ECONOMY: Managing the delicate balance between DRM, and Employment in East Africa-How do we get right?

July 12, 2023

Economic Analysis, Tax, Trade and investment

Taxation of e-commerce is an emerging area of challenge in tax policy and administration and yet the rapidly expanding digital economy has recorded a proliferation of technological innovations in the form of online business platforms, employing hundreds of youths and women, generating millions of revenues through innovation and e-commerce in Tanzania and East Africa generally.

Many research findings consistently suggest that a deeply integrated and competitive digital market among the EAC countries alone can boost the GDP by about $2.6 billion and create up to 4.5 million new jobs[1]. In Kenya alone, the digital economy is expected to add KSh 1.4 trillion or 9.24% of the GDP to Kenya’s economy by 2025 according to the Accenture, Africa iGDP Forecast. It is one of the fastest-growing sectors in the country with Kenya leading other African countries in terms of the digital economy’s contribution to the GDP at 7.7%, followed by Morocco and South Africa at 6.82% and 6.51% respectively[2]. The online industry contributed Ksh810 billion to Kenya’s GDP (7.7%) in 2020.

Some of the major businesses driving the online industry in Kenya are E-commerce firms such as Copia and Jumia, Fintech products like MPESA, and MShwari, HealthTech platforms like Daktari Africa, and Food-delivery startups. With an emerging army or tech talent and online trading platforms, the trend is upward in all the other East African countries.

And yet online businesses and e-commerce has been found to be a conduit for tax avoidance, evasion, and thus thwarting the government’s Domestic Resource Mobilisation (DRM) efforts.

With crunching national budgets and dwindling external aid, there is a reinvigorated push for governments to ramp up DRM efforts by expanding the tax bases through targeted new sources such as e-commerce.

Clearly, given the economic context at play, suggest that taking this trajectory as a new targeted area of taxation appears to be a delicate one that should be approached with caution. Revenues should be collected but business and employment must be created and protected. Therefore, there is a need for a balance between the government’s imperative of maximizing DRM and promoting business and job creation for tech nerds, hundreds of digital entrepreneurs, and a bulging unemployed youth.

How can we manage this balance to be met without losing the gains achieved so far, by promoting fair taxation, DRM, and business opportunities to support innovation, business entrepreneurship, employment, and livelihoods required to meet the national development goals? What advances have been made by tax bodies, challenges so far, and concerns from digital entrepreneurs?

Our distinguished speakers at this webinar will dissect this subject with the purpose of creating a space for sensitization and public dialogue with key stakeholders such as Tax authorities and practitioners, private sector and digital entrepreneurs, Financial institutions, Civil Society Organizations, Africa’s economic diplomats, Government Officials and Agencies, development partners, and other interest groups.

They will help us understand the challenges facing this new area of taxation, including tax evasion, avoidance by transboundary online multinationals, and how the governments have integrated fiscal regimes in this year’s National budgets but significantly how do we get it right moving forward?

Our distinguished speakers will be:

1. Ms. Edna Gitachu, Associate Director and Tax Policy Lead, PWC, Kenya: Budgets of Tough Times; An expert overview of digital taxation in Kenya’s National Budget 2023/24 and practical recommendations of fiscal measures that East African governments could take.

2. Ms. Leah Karunde, Tax Expert and Consultant, Tanzania: Taxing the Invisible Red Hering: Practical Experiences in tackling online businesses and works of art such as television content, online content, marketing, sports betting, transportation, music, etc.

3. Mr. Francis Kairu, Policy Advisor, Tax Justice Network Africa; The Buffalo in the tent: Tackling Tax avoidance, evasion, and illicit financial flows by Online Multinationals through e-commerce